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Disadvantages of GDI Printer

Summary:

More and more low-end printers have started relying on the Windows Workstations graphic services to render their output. While this lowers the cost of the printer slightly, there are distinct disadvantages to them in many cases. This FAQ deals with what exactly a GDI printer is, what the drawbacks of using one are, and how this affects applications that use them.

The advent of lower-cost printers without their own print rendering engines has made it possible to produce low-cost, low-end printers with tremendous graphics functionality. They lower their cost by removing the print render engine (a dedicated processor for the print stream) and the associated memory from the printer, relying on the host processor's Windows GDI (Graphic Device Interface) to provide graphic rendering services, and the host system's memory and disk space to buffer rendered printed output until the printer is capable of absorbing the rendered graphic stream for the page.

This has several major implications for using GDI printers:

(1) GDI printers require high bandwidth to deliver their output. Rather than delivering a stream of characters and escape sequences describing how the printer is to render the output, all output is rendered graphically, requiring considerably more information to move between the PC and the printer to form any given output on the printer. It also means that the PC spends more time transmitting data on the printer interface.

(2) GDI printers impose a load on the host PC to format their printing. The act of rendition of the page is done dot-by-dot by the graphic engine of the host PC's operating system; the output occupies more space than a character stream, so that more PC memory (both RAM and disk space) are used, and must be maintained until the completion of the print job to allow for rewind and recovery.

(3) There are no fixed capabilities of the GDI printer. This can be a good or bad thing; as improvements are made in the GDI capabilities of Windows, the printer inherits these capabilities indirectly. But this is a bad thing, in that in the event that you want to use that old 32MB Win98 box that's about to get scrapped as a print server, the GDI is less capable, and the available resources are starting off on the short end of the stick.

(4) Programs that don't talk to Windows can't use the printer. Many of us are stuck with old apps that don't talk to the Windows GDI for output; perhaps we have reports that are formed by sending streams of characters and escape sequences to the printer directly to maximize print speed or suppress Windows page feed problems. Well, these apps will never be able to talk to the GDI printer, since it doesn't have an internal rendering engine or printer control language to rely on.

(5) GDI printers are saddled by the limitations of the GDI resources on the host. This is most severe under Win9x, where the 64K block of memory devoted to GDI buffering is shared amongst all processes on the system; at least under NT/2K/XP, each process gets its own 64K of GDI resource.

GDI printers are a different class of device, not just a different model of printer. They can be inkjet or laser printers; what makes them GDI printers is their stand-alone capabilities. Customers must be educated that they are investigating a class of printer, not a difference in manufacturer or model. They're investing in things that are as different as a bicycle and a motorcycle; the bicycle, like the GDI printer, is powered by the rider or host PC, where the motorcycle and non-GDI printer have their own power on-board.

For those of you caught in the dilemma of a client with a GDI device and an app that can't stand them, I can only suggest a couple of possibilities. The best is to scrap the printer. If you can't, try using an interrim print processor such as GhostScript to process the print stream, and then talk through WIndows to the GDI printer; the cost of setup is probably greater than the cost of a new printer, but sometimes it's an easier sell.

http://www.universalthread.com/ViewPageNewFAQ.aspx?ID=15418

Two-sided Document Feeders

    Document feeders that let you use both sides of the paper

There are available ADF's that can process both sides of a document: these are known as two-sided or duplex ADF's. These are further classified as:

- Reversing Automatic Document Feeders (RADF): these scan one side of a page, then flip it and scan the other side.

- Duplexing Automatic Document Feeders (DADF): these scan both sides in one pass. The advantage of the DADF is faster speed for two-sided originals.

These devices are available in all the machines that process documents; naturally they are more expensive than the one-sided ADF's; the duplexing ADF's are more costly than the reversing ADF's but are much faster and are orders of magnitude more reliable.

The design and operation of these devices don't need much explanation. The reversing ADF's can function in two ways: the page can be flipped immediately, making it a one-page-at-a-time process, or a certain number of pages can be scanned on one side and placed in a magazine somewhere, which is flipped over and the documents are then scanned on the other side. (In fact, copiers use this method for two-sided copying: but they have to have two internal magazines, one for the source documents and one for the output documents). The immediate-flip process has one great advantage (which may or may not overcome its obvious speed limitation) in that the two sides of the document always stay together after being scanned; the magazine-style system leads to problems in properly collating the copies, which the scanner software may or may not be able to handle. If all else fails, then an acceptable way to handle this to do two-sided to one-sided copying.

If an auxiliary input slot is provided (i.e., manual ADF) for the magazine-style reversing ADF, there is an obvious and baffling problem to be faced if the placement of the manual sheet is important.

Contrariwise, the duplexing systems involve no special handling of the document: instead, they have two reader devices, one for each side of the document. They have no trouble keeping pages in the right order, as the images are always available together. But unless the control panel and software are very sophisticated, a manual sheet will always be placed after both sides of the original have been processed.

Problems such as these, involving logical rather than physical issues, can be overcome to a greater or lesser extent by the use of appropriate software. Scanned documents can be brought into the proper sequence by laborious cutting & pasting; pages inserted manually can be re-paginated easily; and so forth. For high-volume users, a duplex scanner will eliminate the collating problem and over the long run be more cost-effective than relying on word-processing or page-making software.

Courtesy: http://www.documentfeeder.com

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